"The texts which I now introduce are in one respect comparable to those which I wrote down from Maqsud Haji in 1935: they represent the indigenous knowledge and conception of agricultural matters of natives of Eastern Turkestan. They are all contained in a manuscript numbered Prov. 207 kept in the manuscript division of the University Library of Lund. These texts were written down in Kashghar around 1905-1910 upon the instigation of G. Raquette, who in those days was a missionary-surgeon in the Mission Covenant Church of Sweden in Kashghar. His intention was to use these texts and all the other texts contained in Prov. 207 for an Eastern Turki-English Dictionary which however was never written. The authors of these texts are two natives of Kashghar: Abdu Vali Akhon." ... "Of Abdu Vali Akhon is only known that he was an ordinary mullah of good reputation."
Jarring (1997-98: 1-3) says: "The English translations together with their respective notes make the texts self-explanatory. I would however like to add a few remarks of a general character. The names of flowers are very fluctuating and vary considerably in different parts of the country and even within the same region. The description of various flowers and plants given in the notes is often approximate. Only a botanical-linguistic investigation in the field which is highly desirable can straighten out all the question marks we now have to live with. The names of the different kinds of vegetables are strikingly often of Chinese origin. My conclusion is that these vegetables do not belong to the original diet of the Turk population of this Central Asian area. But further research in the field is necessary. I have included a chapter on fishing written by Abdu Vali Akhon as it is an industry usually carried on in combination with agriculture."
Jarring (1997-98: 1-3) says: "In the collection of Eastern Turki manuscripts in the University Library of Lund there are four such hand-books of agriculture numbered Prov. 2:2, 396:4, 400:5, 406:2 with slightly different contents, the most detailed one being Prov. 396:4. Furthermore I refer to a lithographed edition Majmuayi-risala, lithographed in Tashkent by Ghulam Hassan Arifdzjanov (probably around 1910, no date indicated). A copy is to be found in my collection of Central Asian lithographs, now in the University Library of Lund, numbered Lit. 92. The copy contains 21 different risalas and prayers. Let me end by stating that agriculture has not been a popular theme with the turkologists who have devoted their time to the ethnology of Eastern Turkestan."
Jarring (1997-98: 1-3) says: "As far as can be seen only Katanov (KM II: 8 on the names of fruits - Die Bedeutung der Obstnamen) and Malov (Malov 11:9-11 (Khotan) cotton, wheat, maize, flax; Malov 11:54 (Aq-su) about mutual aid (lapkut)) have some insignificant information on this subject."
No online scanned image available; facsimile in Jarring 1998.
Did rough tagging with rough-tagger.xsl. Did hand-editing on the result to make it valid.
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checked interlinear gloss but still have queried.
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offline edits: MD, some LVV to Vdirc, DEM to DEM
Jarring „1 otjaš J 216 herb, vegetables, greens; Schwarz 421 otyaş vegetable. - A strange construction: ot grass, herb +jaš young, fresh, perhaps to be understood as otjašï, cf. С 34 ot“ |“2 gɛndɛ P. ganda Steingass 1099 fetid, stinking, rotten, originally has the meaning 'human excrements' in contrast to qïɣ (line 2) which is manure in general. But gɛndɛ also is used about manure, probably of the stinking species, cf. N 677 gɛndɛ manure, dung, excrements. I have not been able to ascertain if gɛndɛ with the last meaning really was used for cultivation of vegetables“ | „3 malqušla- J 186 to stir; cf. J 186 maltala- to knead, to mix; Schwarz 877 maltila- to mix, blend, stir; Tenishev 101 maltïla- to mix; these verbs presuppose a noun malquš and maltï of which I find no trace. Perhaps they are connected with RN 324 mal- and 325 man-; cf. С 348 ban- to dip“ | „4 paza tömu̇r rake, lit. 'rake iron'; N 242 paza harrow, some as sörɛm and tirna; Chin. Pinyin 505 pá rake, pázi rake“ | „5 tarmaq harrow or rake; cf. J 293 tamaq rake; Schwarz 172 tamaq III spike-toothed metal harrow, also called tirna; N 274 tarmaq harrow; WB III: 873 tarmaq die Harke; Malov II: 155 tamaq (Khotan) rake; cf. С 549 tarma:k; RN 465 *tarma“ | „6 etiz here meaning a plot or bed in a garden“
uru- 'turn over, till (翻,推倒')' cf. MSU örü- and ur- 'hit' (GE)
Jarring „7 čönɛk J 76 čönɛk~ču̇nɛk a small irrigation furrow; SH 101 chunak a furrow for irrigation separating the several beds in a garden; in a transferred sense also 'plot, bed in a garden'; cf. Schwarz 351 çönäk patch, plot; N 396 čönɛk bed; furrow [in a kitchen-garden] - probably Iran.“
Jarring „8 χa:qa:n ïqlïmï China; χa:qa:n-χaqan the emperor of China, also χ. ï čin, for χ. cf. С 630 χa:n; D 1161 ḫān; ïqlïm A. iqlīm clime, climate, country“
al-ɣan#tʰur- likely a light verb; (GE) but not usual structure (V-GAn V2 rather than V-(I)p V2) (AD).
peydaa P. paydaa 'available' (Jarring 1998:70)
Jarring „9 v. I, n. 35“ | „10 jumɣaq su̇t coriander; SH 226 yumgháq sabut coriander; Schwarz 806 yumǧaq süt coriander (Coriandrum sativum) used in Uyghur folk medicine, also called käşniz; Dorilir 63 yumɣaq süt in Chinese yuan sui; LC II: 125 yúmɣač sōbút, уитуа sóbút Coriandrum sativum; LC II: 129 уumgháq sabut Coriander (taken from SH); Menges 62 yumɣaq-süt Coriander; jumɣaq a ball, cf. KM I: 109 jumɣaq Knollen, Ballen, Knäuel; С 936 yumǧa:k 'a spherical or globular object' and the like - the forms sabut, sōbút are inexplicable“ | „11 zirɛ P. zīra cumin, cumin-seed; zi:rɛ cumin-seed R; LC II: 124 zī́rä Cuminum sativum; Schwarz 561 zirä II caraway (Cuminum cyminum); Dorilir 328 zirɛ, picture no. 168 Cuminum cyminum L.; N 478 zirɛ caraway; Malov 11:112 zirä (Khotan) caraway, used as incense at shamanistic seances“ | „12 pinni usually pinnɛ P. pūdina mint; Dorilir 231 pinnɛ in Chinese he xiang, picture no. 112 pinnɛ Agastache rugosa (Fisch, et Mey.) O. Ktze; cf. further IV: 18+n. 14 | 13 mučmurč P. marich pepper; cf. С 771 mırç/murç; RN 345 murč Sanskrit“ | „14 dʓuvunï dill; there seems to be much confusion about this word, cf. SH 219 juwani a species of dill, Anethum Sowa; LC II: 122 ǧuwani (Dies ist die ind. [Beng. und Hindi] Bezeichnung von Ptychotis ajowan), Anathum Sowa; N 372 dʓuvani dill, fennel; Malov II: 111 dʓuvani (Kashghar) fennel, caraway; R (unpublished material) dʓuwanï~dʓuwene caraway; Schwarz 321 juwinä Trachyspermum ammi, used in Uyghur folk medicine; Dorilir 325 dʓüvinɛ, picture no. 167:1 Trachyspermum ammi (L.) Sprague - probably from P., Steingass 376 jiwāni aniseed“ | „15 arpa bedijan anise; J 26, 52 arpa bedjan Anisum sativum; SH 216 árpa bádyán do.; N 27 arpa bediyan anise; Schwarz 21 arpabediyan sweet fennel (Foeniculum vulgare), used in Uyghur folk medicine; Dorilir 326 arpa bediyan, in Chinese xiao huixiang, picture no. 167:2 Foeniculum vulgare Mill. - P. bādiyān anise“
16 čorkan usually čokan a newly married woman who has not born a child, a newly married woman, here translated with 'young female’; for a full description of the čokan term v. Jarring, Gustaf Raquette, p. 29, cf. also Jarring, Garments, p. 16; Malov 1:195 čokan, čökän young woman; Malov II: 173 čokan, čorkan, čökän young woman without children; KM 1:104 cökän junge Frau, die noch kein Kind hat; WB 111:2191 čükän ein junges, unschuldiges Mädchen, die Jungfrau (quoting Vambery, p. 281 čukan die Jungfrau, ein junges Mädchen (ch. t.) =Chinesisch-tatarisch); LC VII: 156 ǧūgán junge Frau (mit einem Kinde) dies Wort wird in Kaschgar auch čökán, čaukan gesprochen, von Gebildeten aber gemeinhin geschrieben. Es scheint das Persische ǧawān- jung zu sein, mit dem Wechsel in Türki, von و zu ک ; RN 117 čökän junge Frau, die noch kein kind hat ? Pers. It is hardly likely that čokan~čorkan should be of Persian origin, as P. jawān appears as dʓuva:n in Eastern Turki with a different meaning; cf. SH 90 jawan mature, matronly (epithet applied to a woman who has a child, but is still young); Skrine 202 jawan a woman who has attained years of discretion and is entitled to the privilege of braiding her hair in two long plaits: Malov II: 111 dʓuvan (Aq-su, Khotan) a young woman (with one or two children); KM 1:106 džuɣan, džuɣan junge Frau, die schon ein Kind hat“ | „17 χïne A. ḥinnā’ henna; noted by R. as follows: χɛnnɛ~χennɛ a root containing red colouring stuff, used for colouring the beard, nails etc., χ. jaq- to colour with χ., hɛnnɛ~χennɛ a plant used for tinting the hair, beard and nails only; Schwarz 388 χenä garden balsam (Impatiens balsamina); χ. yaq- to dye one's fingers or finger nails (when a χ. leaf and petals are rubbed between one's fingers, it stains them an orange colour)“
Jarring „18 osma~usma J 324 black dye for cosmetic purposes; Malov II: 142 osma name of a plant from the leaves of which a dye is obtained used for painting the eyebrows and eyes; Schwarz 423 osma a plant, Isatis tinctoria, a dye made from it for mascara used by Uyghur women; cf. D 600 *osma„
Jarring „19 cf. n. 8“ | „20 bɛjsɛj cabbage; J 51 do.; Rakhimov48 baicai, bɛisɛj cabbage; Chin. cf. pinyin 12 báicài Chinese cabbage. But SH 218 baisai the turnip, Brassica rapa; repeated LC II: 121 bä-säi Brassica rapa“ | „21 čiŋsɛj J 74 celery; N 413 čiŋsɛj celery; Schwarz 365 çiñsäy celery (Apium graveolens). Also called käräpşi; Chin. pinyin 551 qīngcài green vegetables; Chinese cabbage“ | „22 palɛk spinach P. pālak; Schwarz 118 paläk spinach (Spinacia oleracea), also called bosäy; but SH 218 pálak? Rhinacanthus communis | 23 usuŋ lettuce; J 325 stalk-lettuce; R usun stalk-lettuce; Malov II: 166 usun (Kashg.) Shaw-Scully lettuce; (Khotan) an edible plant, Chin. sundʓa; N 128 usuŋ (Chin.) a plant which is used for seasoning; SH 217 áusun the wild cabbage, Brassica oleracea; Schwarz 580 usuñ lettuce; asparagus lettuce [Chin. wosun]“ | „24 dʓaŋdu J 91 the yard long bean; SH 219 jángdu a small bean; Malov II: 109 dʓando, dʓandu haricot, bean; N 361 dʓaŋdu haricot, bean; Rakhimov 109 jiangdou Chinese bean; Pinyin 335 jiāngdòu cowpea“ | „25 čizɛ eggplant; R čiza a kind of vegetable; Rakhimov 123 čɛjzɛ eggplant; Chin., Pinyin 549 qiézi eggplant, aubergine“ | „26 dʓu̇sɛj probably 'chives'; N 370 dʓusɛj a special kind of fragrant vegetable, used for seasoning and garnish; Malov II: 110 dʓöza Chin. dʓü säi vegetable (Turfan) lettuce, pirogues with vegetables; LC 1:89 ǧǖsäi Knoblauch (eh.); LC II: 123 ǧüsäi chin, eine Lauchart; Rakhimov 85 jiusai, dʓusɛj sweet onion; Dorilir 467 küdɛ uruɣï Chin, jiu cai zi, also called (in Uighur) dʓüsɛi uruɣï Chin. Pinyin 366 jiŭcài fragrant flowered garlic; (Chinese) chives“ | „27 turup P. turb, turub turnip; Schwarz 223 turup turnip (Raphanus sativus), also called şalǧam“ | „28 samsaq garlic; Schwarz 465 samsaq garlic (Allium sativum), also called sum; SH 221 sarimsáq ? garlic, Allium sativum; LC V: 114 sāmsaq (für sarïmsaq) Knoblauch (auch Mannesname); Dorilir 146 samsaq, Chin. da suan; cf. C 853 sarumsak; D 1238 sarimsaɣ, sarumsaq; RN 404 sarymsak“ | „29 čɛlaŋ a kind of cabbage; SH 219 chálang see chilang, SH 220 chilang cabbage, Brassica oleracea; Schwarz 345 çäylän̄ kohlrabi (Brassica caulorapa) ? | 30 laŋχar bɛjsɛj (q.v.) probably 'cauliflower'; r is pleonastic; cf. VII: 13+n. 31 where it appears as laŋχa, laŋχa ot“ | „31 χoŋga cucumber; J 132 χonga:n cucumber; SH 220 khongán cucumber, Cucumis sativus; Rakhimov 133 hanggo, χaŋgo cucumber; Schwarz 373 xan̄ga cucumber (Cucumus sativus) Chin. Pinyin 294 huángguā cucumber“ | „32 šoχla tomato; J 288 šoχla tomato, love-apple; SH 134 shokhla a small yellow seed contained in a pod or fruit [used in Turkistan as medicine, and in Tibet by the women to stick on to their faces]. The seed of Solanum nigrum according to Aitchison; SH 222 shokhlá a species of night-shade, Solanum nigrum, SH 223 qará shokhala; Schwarz 522 şoxla tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) ?“ | „33 da:dur horse-bean, for references v. V: 12-I-n. 22“ | „34 budač or perhaps bodač an indeterminable plant - perhaps burdač, bordač „ | „35 doŋgu perhaps a kind of pumpkin; Rakhimov 162 donggua wax pumpkin Chin., Pinyin 161 dōngguā wax gourd, white gourd | 36 kugu perhaps a kind of pumpkin Chin., Pinyin 395 kŭguā bitter gourd | 37 sugu an indeterminable plant Chin. perhaps sù white+guā „ | „38 lanqu an indeterminable plant; Chin.“
qïzïl budač 'red amaranth (Amaranthus caudatus)' (GE)